Purpose: The purpose of this study is applying Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to estimate technical coefficients of activities, which is suitable for foresight regional economy index by employing experts’ opinion. Regional economic foresight requires appraising all dimensions of development indices. World complex conditions demand adequate information and tools to rational development planning. In situation that rapid changes in political and social economic structure happen in short term, applying retrospective and static tools create enormous error on foresight. Method: This research has applied mixed (qualitative and quantitative) method. In this regards, technical coefficient table for Qazvin was developed through regular meeting with related administrations and stakeholder organizations in combination with country and provincial data. Findings: The research outcomes pointed out that applying AHP will reduce costs and time in compare with existing methods. Conclusion: Economic analyses based on Input-output table have many benefits which make attraction for researchers, especially on general equilibrium model. In the other hand, those table will not afford in provincial level as preparing data and information for them is cost and time consuming. This research has been solve that problem.

This research focuses on the effect of passive methods in the field of energy storage, produce energy by using renewable energies, and also to achieve the construction patterns of residential buildings in the climate conditions of Shiraz, with the aim reducing energy consumption. Statistics show that in Iran, fuel consumption in residential and commercial buildings with an average annual growth of 7. It is about 2.37% of the country's total fuel consumption. One way to minimize energy consumption in this sector is to increase the role of zero-energy buildings. Zero-energy buildings provide technical ways to consume less energy in buildings. These buildings are designed and built so that all or a large part of these provide the energy they need through the combination of energy saving and the use of renewable energy technology. In this research, after studying the climate condition of the city of Shiraz, a building in the energy Plus software, the simulation and climatic data of the Shiraz station was introduced to the software. To achieve the most optimal conditions of energy consumption in the climatic conditions of Shiraz, each of the building elements Residential was optimized. The simulation shows that it is possible to reduce the energy consumption of the building by using passive building materials and designs, including double-glazed glass, Wall insulation, etc. On the other hand, by using solar energy, using pvsyst software, you can supply the energy needed by the building.

In this article, an attempt has been made to estimate the amount of sound transmission loss in a flat oval channel by applying the approach of statistical energy analysis. Correct estimation of sound transmission loss in an air conditioning channel is of great importance due to the harmful effects of noise pollution in the environment on human health. Simulation with the statistical energy analysis method is a powerful approach to estimate sound and vibration in problems in which we deal with complex and multi-part systems; is considered. In this method, first, a system is divided into several subsystems, and then by writing a matrix equation that includes the energy exchanges between subsystems and energy loss coefficients; It is investigated from the perspective of vibration and sound estimation.On average, the model presented in this research is able to estimate the sound transmission loss in different dimensions of the air conditioning channels according to the experimental results in the accuracy range of ± 2.5 dB. Considering that it seems that the results obtained from modeling with this method are in good agreement with the experimental data; The results of this research can be used as an efficient approach to estimate noise in oval shaped channels stretched in different lengths.

Introduction: The problem of water shortage has caused countries to pay attention to the water used in the production of products and their other advantages in the production of goods and services. This has to do with the water consumed in the production of imported or exported products. Although most of this water generally remains in the producer country, it is required in production processes. This paper seeks to calculate the amount of direct and indirect water consumed in the exported goods and service production in Iran. In addition, the amount of water saved on the imported products for intermediate and final uses is calculated. Methodology: An Input-output model is developed to measure the direct and indirect virtual water that is required for exported and imported products. The latest survey based on the Input-output table of Iran for the year 2016 is employed as the database of the research. The rest of the data are obtained from the statistical yearbook of the country for the year 2016. Results and Discussion: The symmetrical Input-output table of Iran for the year 2016 has been prepared for 89 activities. This table was the basis for the research calculations. According to the results, the total imported commodities of the country were over 2662. 56 trillion Rials, whereas the total export of the country in 2016 was 3008. 85 trillion Rials. Thus, the trade balance of the country was 366. 29 trillion Rials. About half of the imported goods and services were consumed as intermediate demand, and the other half were final demand. The majority of the imports consisted of the products used for the production of machinery and equipment not classified elsewhere in the amount of 254. 5 trillion, which was 9. 6% of the country's total imports in the year 2016. In contrast, the extraction of crude oil and natural gas was in the first place with the value of 1280. 05 trillion Rials, which constituted 42. 54% of the country's exports in this year. In addition, according to the results, the virtual water export of the country in 2016 was 8514. 59 million cubic meters, compared to the country's virtual water import of 15062. 83 million cubic meters in the year. So, the country's trade balance of virtual water in this year was-6548. 24 cubic meters, which leads the country to be a net importer of virtual water. It is notable that, in contrast to the positive trade balance, the balance of the virtual water trade was negative. To investigate this circumstance, one should note that the production of 353. 4 thousand Rials worth of exported products needed one cubic meter of water. However, the country was exempted from one cubic meter of water for 176. 8 thousand Rials worth of imported products. On the other hand, the country attempted to import products that need more water in contrast to export products that need less one. So, the imported products of the country were about two times more water-intensive than the exported ones. Based on the calculations, due to the high correlation between the direct water coefficient of the activities and their water multipliers, the correlation coefficient of these two indicators was 0. 95. Meanwhile, the activity of agricultural and garden crops, with the highest direct coefficient of water intensity, had the highest multipliers of water intensity as well. Thus, despite the export not achieving the first rank, the import and trade balance ranked first by a long distance among 89 production activities in 2016. The correlation coefficient of the virtual water multipliers of the sectors with the value of their exports and imports were-0. 05 and 0. 12, respectively. Thus, in the sectors where the multipliers of water are higher, there was relatively less export, whereas the products of these sectors were relatively more imported. The lower multipliers indicate that other factors have also been involved to determine the amount of exports and imports. Conclusions: According to the findings of the research, the water intensity of products was relatively considered in the foreign trade of Iran. So, the imported products need two times more virtual water compared to the exported ones. As a result, in contrast to the positive trade balance of the country, there was a negative virtual water balance. However, due to the attention paid to other factors in the foreign trade, the correlation coefficient between the virtual water multipliers of the sectors with the value of their exports and imports is small. In addition, some activities deal with water in nature. As a result, they have high water multipliers. According to this characteristic, along with the promotion of water efficiency in production processes, it is necessary to avoid exporting products with high water multipliers as well as importing these products.

Background: Bone mineral density (BMD) assessment by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) plays an important role in diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis. Variation in soft tissue thickness may cause probability errors in DXA bone values. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of soft tissue thickness on bone mineral.Methods: A spine phantom consisting of bone and soft tissue equivalents (Aluminum and Perspex respectively) was made to simulate different status of bone (normal, osteopenia and osteoporosis) and abdominal thicknesses. BMD measurements were performed by DXA using a Norland XR-46 on 45 patients. The statistical analysis for determining the BMD, bone mineral content (BMC), bone area (BA) measurements was done using SPSS software.Findings: According to Pearson correlation test, variation of soft tissue thickness had no statistically significant relation on BMD, BMC and BA (P>0.05). But non-parametric regression determined soft tissue thickness had some effect on BMD and BMC (P<0.05), but no statistically effect on BA (P>0.05).Conclusion: Variation of soft tissue thickness had no considerable effect (less than1%) on bone mineral results, so errors arising from soft tissue thickness in DXA are negligible.